With an extension of 38,448 hectares, that area, protected by the Peruvian state and By UNESCO declared Humanity's Cultural Patrimony in 1983, Machu Picchu Archaeological park shelters 34 archaeological complexes interconnected by an Inca Trail netWork and possesses a rich variety of species of flora the area and.
The abrupt aspect of the area and its environmental configuration allow the existence of nine life zones. Its altitude ranges from 2,000 to 6,000 MAMSL and from high Andean and highland (puna) to subtropical jungle edge areas, with their vast biodiversity and the Sanctuary's greatest natural wealth is found in the humid areas between 2,000 and 3,000 MAMSL 350 species of orchis are registered, among which the following are the most outstanding: Epidendrum Secundum, better know as "Wiñaywayna" which means "Always young" and it grows is the open, on rocks or mossy trunks, as it blossoms good part of the year and its flower measures about 2 cm; masdevallia veitchiana or "Waqanki" which means "You will cry", is one of the most beautiful species that grows between the high and dispersed forest or bush, in rich and loose soil, it is an endangered species and its flower reaches 14 cm.
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu
In length; Sobraria satigera also called "one day flower " for its short duration and delicacy, generally grows in the open or under very title shade, in loose and somewhat humid soil, in a limited habitat, and its flower measures 8cm. In the q'euña (Polylepis Racimosa) the Pisinay (Eritrina falcate), the Shapunga or tree-like frem (cyathea sp), meanwhile vines and bromeliads struggle for each centimeter of branch and the orchids, mosses and lichens gather, making the branches seem as though they Sanctuary's diversity of fauna is also enormous, as were registered 423 species of birds, among which highlight the cock of the Rocks (Rupicola Peruviana), the Mountain Turkey (Penelope mountain), the torrents duck (Merganetta Armenta), the condor (Vultur gryphus) and the Incan cockroach (Thryothorus Eisenmann).
Among the large mammals, there is the Spectacled bear (tractor Arnatos). The Puma (mountain Lion) and the Dwarf Deer (Mazama chunni). There is also an important variety of reptiles, batrachians and insects and even though it is not frequently reported, the sighting of the majestic condor in passing flight is good fortune which it is sometimes possible to appreciate. To conclude, Machu Picchu shelters 2,550 species of flowering plants, 423 birds, 63 mammals, 16 amphibians, 21 reptiles and over 77 species of butterflies.
The Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu encompasses not only the impressive archaeological ruins, but also the surrounding natural environment. Declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, Machu Picchu is a testament to the harmonious coexistence between human civilization and the natural world. Its rich history and importance as an archeological wonder are complemented by the sanctuary's commitment to sustainable tourism practices.
Machu Picchu has long been a focal point for tourists from around the globe. To protect its natural wealth, the Peruvian government, in collaboration with international organizations, has implemented sustainable tourism initiatives. These efforts aim to preserve the fragile ecosystems, maintain the site's pristine condition, and minimize visitors' environmental impact. Machu Picchu exemplifies how heritage preservation and responsible tourism can go hand in hand.
The sanctuary's natural beauty extends to its rich biodiversity. From the iconic spectacled bear, an emblematic Andean species, to the myriad of orchids, ferns, and mosses that thrive in its cloud forests, Machu Picchu is a haven for nature enthusiasts. The diverse microclimates within the sanctuary have allowed numerous plant and animal species to adapt and flourish in this unique environment.
As we explore the sanctuary's natural wealth, it becomes evident that Machu Picchu is not just a historical relic; it is a living testament to the delicate balance between culture and nature. The "Sanctuary's natural wealth of Machu Picchu" is a tribute to the remarkable blend of human ingenuity and the untouched beauty of the Andes, inviting travelers to appreciate the splendor of both worlds.
